In order to cope with global climate change, green and low-carbon energy transformation should become an important focus of economic and social development and energy security. At present, various regions and departments in China carry out a series of measures around the development and utilization of energy resources, aiming at vigorously promoting the strategic action of low-carbon energy transformation through green technology innovation. The green technological innovation in the process of low-carbon energy transformation is analyzed from the perspective of innovation ecology theory, and it is found that the technological innovation ecosystem in low-carbon energy transformation can be subdivided into management subsystem, innovation subsystem and control subsystem according to functions and action links, showing the action paths of audit, access and reception respectively. Analyzing its action path can clarify its basic characteristics and grasp the action law of each link in the innovation ecosystem. Under the background of realizing the strategic goal of "peak carbon dioxide emissions, carbon neutrality" in China, how to actively promote green technology innovation and promote low-carbon energy transformation, and put forward corresponding policy suggestions based on institutional complementarity are our urgent problems to be solved.